hovey



0. E. HOVEY.

DERRICK.

arrucmou FILED our. 14. ms.

1,369,107. Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

1 "HE'S-MEET I IIVEHTOR flt isllllowy noun O. E. HOVEY.

DERRICK.

APPLICATION FILED oer. 14, m9.

1,369,107, Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

7 SHEETS-SNEET 2.

INVENTOR 0: is Eflouey TTORNE Y 0. E. HOVEY.

DERRICK.

APPLICATION FILED on. 14. I919.

Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

36 O 1, 7 4 1 SHEETS5HEET 3- \xvvvoefl \fififii 9 J INVENTOR 42 40 QtzlsE-Hwey A TTORIIE Y 0. E. HOVEY.

DERRICK.

APPLICATION HLED OCT. 14. 1919.

Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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ATT R/vEr MNJ H w m fw m 5% Q 7 w W a w A W a 0. E. HOVEY.

DERRICK. APPLICATION FILED on. u. l9l 9.

1,369,107. mm Feb. 22,1921.

1 SHEETS-$HEET 5- jg. i

"WE/(TOR O tisEHovey j Zhh ATT RNEY 0. E. HOVEY.

DERRICK.

APPLICATION FILED on. 1-4. 1919.

11,369,107- Patented Feb; 22, 19 21v 7 SHEETS-SHEET 6- "IVE/ TOR Otis B Honey A 24w A Rm O. E. HOVEY.

DERRlCK.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-14. 1919.

1,369,107. Patenwd Feb. 22, 1921.

I SHEETSSHEET 1- INVENTOR 0: i5 EJiowy 8 ORNEY UNITED STATES OTIS E. HOVEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

DERRICK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

Application filed October 14, 1919. Serial No. 330,681.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, OTIS E. Hover, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county. and State of New York, and whose ost-ofiice address is No. 431 Riverside rive, New York city, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Derricks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention provides certain improvements in derricks whereby I provide a better arrangement of the parts for takin the strains of use and for certain other a vanta eous features hereinafter described and re erred to in detail.

The accompanying drawings illustrate certain embodiments of the invention.

Figure l is a side elevation of a derrick;

Fig. 1 is a rear elevation of the upper end of the derrick of Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 is a plan of the derrick;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan of a detail at the upper end of the mast;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the same;

Fig. 4 is a section along the line 44 of Fig. 3 on a further enlarged scale;

Fi 5 is a vertical section of the hullwheeT at the lower end of the mast;

Fig. 6 is a similar sectional view of the lower end of the mast with its bearing and other connected parts;

Figs. 7 and 8 are horizontal sections on the correspondingly numbered lines of Fig. 6;

ig. 9 is a vertical section on the line 9 9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 1s a view similar to Fig. 4 illustrating a modified construction;

Figs. 11 and 12 are respectively a diagrammatic plan and elevation showing the application of the derrick to a shipyard.

The improvements are shown in connection with derricks of the stiff -leg variety. The mast 2 and boom 3 are pivoted together at their lower ends, the mast being mounted in bearings so that it can be rotated by means of a bull-wheel 4 on its lower end. The boom is raised and lowered by means of a cable 5 extending from the upper end of the mast to the upper end of the boom and known as the boom fall or topping lift. The cable 6 or main hoist, as it is called, raises and lowers the load. Connected to the supports at opposite ends of the mast is a pair of trusses extending backward at a wide angle. to each other. Each of these trusses comprises a post 7 and a back-1e 8, meeting at a point near the upper end 0 the mast and extending down to the floor or latform of the structure.

n use there are vertical strains on the mast, usually compression but becoming tension when the derrick is turned into certain positions or the boom is topped high. The horizontal and vertical strains or components of the strain at the top of the mast have usually been taken by a bent member known as a goose-neck connecting the top of the mast with the stifi-le and this construction has produced ben mg stresses in the goose-neck and also in the stiff-leg which required that they be of considerable strength and weight, greater than would be required if there were no bendin stresses. In fact these parts, particularly t e gooseneck, have sometimes been bent, which makes the operation of the derrick diflicult, and in some cases have broken, allowing the derrick to fall and resulting in serious injury to men as well as loss of material. Also, in certain positions of the mast, the strain tends to cause the lifting of the upper end of the stiff-leg and its goose-neck and a special detail has been needed to anchor the latter down. This has usually been accomplished by a cap above the se-neck and attached to the gudgeon pm at the upper end of the mast; a construction which prevented good lubrication, the oil applied to the bearing running out at the bottom. I avoid this dlsadvantage by a construction which is simpler, in which the parts are subjected only to longitudinal stresses that is tension or compression but no bending, and in which consequently a lighter construction can be used without danger of failure, and in which the lubrication is improved.

(onnected to the upper ends of the members 7 and 8 and located in the plane of the intersection thereof (see Fig. 1*) is a hori zontal member 9 which extends over the upper end of the mast and carries a ringshaped bearing in which the end of themast turns. The details of the hearing are shown in Fig. 4. This ring-shaped member comprises a casting having a flange 10 by which it is attatched to the plate or member 9, an upwardly projecting ring 11 and a downwardly projecting ring 12. On the upper end of the mast 2 18 mounted a bearing member having a central ring 13, and an outer. ring i l, these two rings embracing the ring 12 or the first mentioned bearing. lvlounted on the outer face of the ring 13 is a ring 15 of bronze or other bearing metal against which the outer bearing ring 12 rests. A. sheet metal cap 16 mounted on the ring 13 covers the bearing and is provided with holes 17 through whichoil may be introduced between the rings 12 and 113, where it will be retained by the ring 14 until let out by removal of the drain plug 18. This bearing, allowing freedom of vertical movement to the upper end of the mast, will transmit to the connecting member 9 only the horizontal components of the stresses occurring at this point. That is to say, the member 9 will be subjected to tensile or compressive stresses onl And since the horizontal center line of its member intersects the centers of the members 7 and 8 "pipe 23.

' to exclude dirt and water. 7

as indicated in dotted lines, there will be no bending strains transmitted to the parts of the" back-leg and these can. be proportioned oi comparatively small cross-section. Various other styles of bearing may be used instead of that shown. The center hole in the bearing" is for the downward passage of theitoppin'g lift cables. The center of pressure of t. e'bearing ring should, l. perfection, be in line with the center of the horizontal eonn ectingplate 9.

My invention provides also an improve: ment inthe step or bearing at the base ot t mast. In previous designs there l' ave l a large bending stresses introduced into the supporting sill by the eccentric action ol li horizontal forces at this point and also there; have been considerable local stresses in the details, and lubrication has been imperfect.

I mount on the lower end of the mast a' casting 19. having a ring-shaped portion. 0n the sill or supporting structureQindicated at 20 there is rigidly mounted a casting 21. The upper surface oi? this casting is in the form oi a concave-segment of a sphere in which rests casting 22 with its lower face similarly convexed. lnl "ication is provided for by the usual 541700: in be lower member communicating with an oil The casting 22 has outer and inner rings 24L and 25 respectively emlnacing the ring portion of the one 19 and 7 bronze or other. bearing metal 2-13 and l: 27 receive the horizontal strain an d the vertioal thrust respectively. Other styles of rotary andthrnst bearin 's may be subrtia tuted for those shown. All the parts are provided with central holes forthe passage of themain hoist cables. A guard 32 serves Gil i s admitted through a pipe 28 'and is held between the. rings 24 and 25 until emptied through plu'g29. a .7

The member is also provided -Wli3ll a hip; 30 at one side which fits freely between a pair of lugs 31. on the lowest member so as to permit the member 22 to rock freely on the casting 21 without turning about a vertical axis, the clearance between the lugs being suilicient to permit the upper member 22 to have a slight movement in vertical planes The member 22 is provided at the opposite side withpairs of lugs 33 extendin in the direction of the planes of the still-legs or sill members 34. (Fig. 1), these lugs ha ing pin holes, the centers of which are horizontally in line with the center of the rotary bearing bushing-26. lilaeh pair of lugs 33 is connect d by a pin 35 with a link 36 and these links at their opposite ends are histened by pins 37, F 1 to the center lines of the sill members 34.

The vertical components of the stresses received at the lower end of the mast are delivered through the anti-friction bearing member 2? to the member 22 and thence to the lowest member 21 which is supported by the member 20 which rests on the foundations carrying the derrick. When the mastdeflects a slight rocking movement occurs between the lower two members"22 and 21 so that the load is always delivered uniformly to the bearing' bushing 27. Vl-lorizontal forces developed at the foot ofthe mast are deliveredthrough themember 19 to the bushing 26 and to the casting 22 and thence through the links-36 to the sills of the platform without bending stresses, except the slight bendingstressesin thecasting constituting the bearings, for which they are fully proportioned.

My invention provides also a new design and arrangement of the bull-wheel bywhich: the mast rota-ted. This ,is a grooved wheel to the rim'of which operating ropes are attached by which it can be turned in one direction or the other. The bull-wheel, designated as a whole by the numeral 4;, comprises a heavy plate 39 stiffened by angles 49' and riveted through angles ll to the mast 2. The rim 4:2 is formed of a channel bent around the edge of the circular plate 39 and riveted thereto by means of angles I Outrigger-gusset plates 44 are also .Q V 7 iastenedxto the mast along their vertical edges and to the lease and to plates 45" connected to the rim. for the bull ivlieel.

Thesegusset plates extendwell up to the" base otthe mastiand the whole construction 1s strong and still to withstand strains in all direct ons.

I provide also an'improved connectionof I the lower end of the boom to'themast. Jaw plates 46; Fig. 8,-are riveted to the mast'and to the bull-wheel attachments and extend out to one side of the mast. Between their eX-f tendedportions is riveted aLtubular casting 41'? with bu'shings l8 at its. ends within which located a pin 49 on. theflprojecting ends of 1 which are fastened the side plates 50 of the boom 3. When the boom is carrying a load and the derrick is rotated by the bull-wheel mechanism, heavy bending strains are caused in the lower end of the boom and the distribution of stresses to the boom pin is seriously disturbed, frequently more than doubling the compressive strains on one end of the pin and one jaw plate and neutralizing the normal compression at the other end of the pin or even causing a heavy tensional stress upon it.

I provide against this defect in part by locating the jaw plates 50 of the boom outside of the plates 46 of the mast so as to secure as wide a bearing as possible. The bearing also is rovided with suitable lubrication. In a dition I provide auxiliary bearings widely separated and in line with the boom pin 49. For this purpose heavy outrigger gussets 51, Fig. 9, are attached to each side of the lower end of the boom and carry depending jaw plates 52, Figs. 8 and 9. Fastened to the bull-wheel at opposite sides and extending upward therefrom are out-rigger bearings 53 the center line of bearing of the jaw plates 52 being in line with that of the main boom pin 49. The base to resist stresses due to rotation of the derrick is thus increased from the width of the mast to the distance between the outriggers. In the case illustrated this is nearly a three fold increase, and it may be made greater if desired.

A modification of the design for the upper end of the mast is shown in Fig. 10. In this case the connecting plate 9 by which the stiff-leg members 7 and 8 are connected to the mast 2 is located above the center of lateral pressure of the bearing between the members 54 and 55. The bearing is arranged to permit freedom for vertical movement between the parts. But the line of the horizontal stress is somewhat below the plane of the connecting member 9. Thus there will be a slight bending strain proportioned to the distance between the center of pressure of the bearing and the center of the connecting member 9". But, this member being designed to withstand the bending strains will transmit practi- (ally only longitudinal strains to the members T and 8 of the stiff-leg which intersect each other in substantially the center of the member 9.

This derrick is particularly adapted for use in ship building yards, dry docks and the like. and I have shown it mounted for convenient operation in such WOIk. Sec Figs. ll and 12. In this case the supporting structure indicated as a whole at 56 is triangular in plan with one corner near the front of the Wet basin Wall 57 and the rear side parallel thereto. The supporting structure is made high enough to allow the derrick boom to swing above the deck of a vessel '58 in the basin, the derrick proper being' mounted over the center of the front corner post 59. Also the floor trusses of the sup rting structure are arranged at such a heig t as to allow the passage of supply cars 60 on tracks 61 running under the structure. The boom is made large enough to reach across the vessel 58 to another vessel or barge 62 beyond the first, so that the derrick may be used to handle loads from one vemel to the other. With this arrangement the derrick boom covers a large section of the hull and it is only necessary to move it a few times to cover the entire length.

I have referred in a number of laces to members composed of plates. It w 1 be understood that a single plate or a plurality of plates may generally be used interchangeably according to the strength required and that these lates may be stiffened with angles and other plates in various ways known to those skilled in the art. Also the connections between the various parts may be made in a variety of ways.

The principal function of the members 7 is to serve as a sort of false must to take vertical components of the strains occurring at the point of connection with the fgooseneck and thus to avoid the imposing 0 these vertical components upon the mast, the latter being free from the stiff-leg so far as any vertical transmission of strains between them is concerned. And even where the center of pressure of the horizontal bearing at the top of the mast is out of line with the connecting plate, as in Fig. 10, or where some other style of construction is adopted, as long as the stiff-leg is made of the two members which receive the horizontal strains from the goose-neck or connecting plate at their point of intersection. the vertical components or substantially all the vertical components of the strains occurring at this point will be taken by the member 7 of the backleg. The advantage is especially apparent in derricks designed to handle the heaviest loads, since the weakness of the ordinary stiff-leg derricks. with single inclined legs extending backward from the top of the mast to the ground is more apparent as well as more dangerous in these larger sized derricks. Indeed such weaknesses have resulted generally in the adoption of rotary cranes and other very expensive styles of construction instead of a regular derrick where heavy loads have had to be lifted.

Another advantage in having the backleg constituted practically as a. truss independently of the mast is that the bearings of the mast are made readily accessible for inspection and repair. By fastening the mast at a point below this top to the stiff leg the upper bearing may be examined or removed and replaced without danger.

tween the stiff-leg and the mast connected I tween; the center lin'eeof said connecting Considerable vertical play is allowed in the upper bearing and the mast may be lifted and then supported at two points of its length'from the member 7 of the stiff-leg, after which the three castings of the lower bearings'may be withdrawn laterally (first lmockirrg out the pins by which they are a point near the top ofthe mast, and a con neetmg member extending from such meeting point and engagin g the mast.

2. A derrick having a mast; a pair of stifflegmembers meeting at a point near the topof the mast, and a'connecting member between the stiff-leg and the mast connected 7 to the latter by a bearing,'said bearing being arranged to permit relative vertical movement between the stiflf-leg and mast without transmission of tween. g V

3., Aiderrick having a mast, aipair of stiffleg members meeting at a point near the top of the mast, and aconnecting member between th e stiitleg and the mast connected to the latter by a bearing-said bearing being arranged to permit relative vertical move ment between the stiiF-legfand mast without transmission of vertical stresses therebevertical stresses therebetween, the center line of said connecting member passing through said bearing. 7

1 4. A derrick having a mast, a pair of stiffleg members'meeting at a point near the top of the mast,- and a connecting memberbe tween the stiff-leg and the mast connectedto the latter by abearing, said bearing being arranged to perm1t relative vertical move' ment between. the stiff-leg and mast without transmission of vertical stresses therebetween, the center line 7 of said connecting" member passing through the meeting point of said members of the:stifl-leg.

- A derrick having a mast, a pairoi' 'stiiileg members meeting at a point near the top of the mast, and a connecting member beto' the. latter by a bearing, said bearing'being arranged to permit relative vertical move ment between the stiff-leg and mast without transmission of vertlcal stresses therebemember passing through the meeting point of saidmembers of the stiff-leg and passing throughlsaid bearing. in

6. A derrick having a mast, a supporting structure for the upper end of the mast com' prising upper and lower members, and a rotary bearing comprising a ring on saidupper member and a pair of rings on the lower member, said pair of rings embracing the ring of the upper member and serving to retain a supply of oil.

7. A derrick having'a stiff-leg, a rotatable mast, means forming a thrust bearing on which the lower end of said mast is rotatably supported, said means having contacting concave-convex surfaces permitting tilting movement of said mast and means pivotally connecting said thrust bearing to said stiffleg. a i 7 U. A derrick having a mast and supportmg means at the lower end of the mast comprising a bottom member 21 having a 0011-,

cave socket, an intermediate member-22 having a convex iace fitting in said socketto PGjflIllt tilting of the mast and a top mem-' ber 19 having a'rotary and thrust bearing on said' intermediate member 22".

9. A derrick having a mast and support ingmeans at the lower end of the mast comprising an upper ring-shaped member and a lower member having a .palr of rings embracing-the ring ofthe upper member and arranged totake the rotary and thrust bear-i ings of the latter and to receive and retain a a supply of oil, said lower member being mounted to permit tilting of the mast.

lOyii derrick having a rotating mast, a

bearing for the lower end thereof, a stationary post and back leg forming a stiff- 7 leg and means pivotally 'connecting'said' bearing to the lower part of said stiftleg.

V 11. A derrick compr sing a mast, an 1ntermed ate bearing member 22 for the lower end thereofla derrick supporting structure and alink forming connecting member 36. plvotally connected to said bearmg member' 22 and'to the sill ofthe derrick supporting structure.

a 12. A derrick having a mast and a boom pivoted thereon the lower end ofsaid boom having jaw plates mounted on a main pivot and having also outrigger plates pivotedto "parts'fixed to the mast at {)OlIltSiiILllnQ with and beyond the ends of the main p votpin.

' 13. A derrick having a mast anda 'stifi leg connected thereto, said stiff leg compris- 'ing vertical post'in close'proximity to'and 1 substantially the same height said mast; and 'a back leg having its upper end con nected to'thej post adjacentjthe upper fend' 1; I V V Ma of saidpost V N -l V a 7 v 14;, A derrick'j having a mast and a 'tlfijleg constltuting a heavy VSLlPPOI'blDg, structure; the mast being connected at its upperf end to the stiff-leg with freedom of vertical movement and having bearings at the lower end which are removable on the lifting of the mast.

15. A derrick having a mast and a stiffleg connected thereto, said stifl leg comprising a. vertical post in close proximity to said of said post.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

OTIS E. HOV'EY. 

